13.5 Crore Indians Escape Multidimensional Poverty in 5 years, Top Uttar Pradesh
New Delhi: According to the NITI Aayog’s report a record 13.5 crore individuals moved out of multidimensional poverty between 2015-16 and 2019-21. Shri Suman Bery, Vice-Chairman of NITI Aayog, launched the report today in the presence of NITI Aayog members Dr. V K. Paul and Dr. Arvind Virmani, as well as Shri B. V. R. Subrahmanyam, CEO of NITI Aayog.
This second edition of the National Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) highlights India’s progress in eliminating multidimensional poverty between the two surveys, NFHS-4 (2015-16) and NFHS-5 (2019-21). It is based on the most recent National Family Health Survey [NFHS-5 (2019-21)]. It expands on the National MPI of India’s Baseline Report, which was released in November 2021.
The National MPI assesses concurrent deprivation across three equally weighted dimensions of health, education, and standard of living, as reflected by 12 SDG-aligned indicators. Nutrition, child and adolescent mortality, maternal health, school years, school attendance, cooking fuel, sanitation, drinking water, power, housing, assets, and bank accounts are examples. All 12 indicators have shown significant improvement.
According to the Report, India’s multidimensionally poor population has decreased by 9.89 percentage points, from 24.85% in 2015-16 to 14.96% in 2019-2021. Poverty in rural areas fell the most rapidly, from 32.59% to 19.28%. During the same time span, poverty in urban areas fell from 8.65% to 5.27%. With 3.43 crore persons leaving multidimensional poverty, Uttar Pradesh saw the greatest decrease in the number of poor.
According to the Report, which provides multidimensional poverty estimates for the 36 states and union territories as well as 707 administrative districts, the fastest fall in the proportion of multidimensional poor was noted in the states of Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, and Rajasthan.
The government’s unwavering commitment to increasing access to sanitation, nutrition, cooking fuel, financial inclusion, safe drinking water, and power has resulted in tremendous progress in these areas. The MPI’s 12 parameters have all improved significantly. Flagship programmes such as the Poshan Abhiyan and Anaemia Mukt Bharat have helped to eliminate health deprivation.
Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM) and Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM) initiatives have improved sanitation across the country. The rapid 21.8 percentage point improvement in sanitation deprivation demonstrates the efficacy of these measures. The Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana (PMUY), which provides subsidised cooking fuel, has significantly impacted lives, with a 14.6 percentage point improvement in cooking fuel deprivation.
Initiatives such as Saubhagya, Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY), Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY), and Samagra Shiksha have also contributed greatly to the country’s reduction in multidimensional poverty. The amazing progress made through extremely low deprivation rates, particularly for electricity, bank account access, and drinking water, illustrates the Government’s persistent commitment to improve citizens’ lives and establishing a brighter future.
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